In recent years, LED light therapy has been making waves among aesthetic enthusiasts and skincare fanatics. With its growing popularity, this innovative treatment is no longer confined to the realm of dermatology but has expanded its horizons to address various skin concerns, from anti-aging and inflammation control to battling bacteria. In this article, we will explore the science behind LED light therapy, its effectiveness for different applications, its safety profile, and how to use it safely at home.
The Science Behind LED Light Therapy
LED light therapy was adopted into the low-level laser therapy (LLLT) family. It utilizes different colors and wavelengths to achieve specific therapeutic effects without the generation of heat or damage to the skin. The key to understanding this therapy lies in its wavelength and waveband.
Wavelength determines the absorption of incident photons by the target chromophores and whether this occurs at the depth where these chromophores are located; while waveband determines the primary photoaction, determining its effectiveness. For instance, a wavelength of 830 nm (near-infrared) is used for wound healing, pain management, anti-inflammatory treatments, and skin rejuvenation. Combining 415 nm (visible blue light) and 633 nm (visible red light) is effective for treating active inflammatory acne vulgaris. The 590 nm (yellow light) is used for recovery, wound healing, and addressing photoaging.
Photobiological characteristics on photomodulation
Visible light induces a photochemical reaction, activating a powerhouse in your cells, the mitochondrial ATP production, and enhancing cell metabolic activity. On the other hand, infrared light has a photophysical effect, increasing the membrane transport of electrolytes, producing a secondary photochemical cascade. Both these processes lead to photoactivation, favoring the expression of genes associated with tissue regeneration and repair. It also induces the production of cytokines and growth factors. While visible and near-infrared light share a tri-stage process, they have different primary targets and photoreactions in target cells. This entire process occurs without tissue injury, photothermal effects, or photoacoustic effects.
Accuracy of Photon Delivery
The latest generation of LED devices provides wavebands with only a few nanometers(nm) variation from the rated wavelength, making them quasi-monochromatic (almost chromatic), even if not strictly monochromatic like diode lasers. However, factors like principles of reflection and scattering should also be considered when assessing their accuracy.
⚠️ Is LED Light Therapy Safe?
One common concern is the safety of LED light therapy. Since LEDs operate at power levels below the threshold for medical hazards set by the FDA, they have not been subject to therapeutic device regulation, paving the way for commercial use. LED light therapy is generally considered safe and is not known to cause skin malignancy. It does not generate heat, emit radiation, or contain harmful ultraviolet rays (UV). Nonetheless, precautions are necessary, such as protecting the eyes with goggles. Individuals with photosensitivity should be extra cautious, as LED therapy may cause skin irritation, redness, peeling, or allergies.
Will LED light therapy give you a tan?
No, LED light therapy does not contain UV rays that stimulate melanin production for a suntan effect. LED waves focus on hydrating the skin and improving blood circulation, resulting in a healthy and radiant glow.
Can You Safely Practice LED Light Therapy at Home?
While LED masks provide a convenient way to practice light therapy at home, it's essential to be aware that they may not distribute light evenly across the face. Poor light distribution can lead to less effective results or overexposure in specific areas. It's crucial to follow recommended application times and frequencies. In the treatment phase, consider using LED therapy for 20 minutes per session, twice a week for four weeks, and once a week for the following four weeks. In the maintenance phase, once a month should suffice.
Extra Reads on the Mechanism
For those interested in delving deeper into the science and mechanism behind LED light therapy, there is a wealth of research available, feel free to glance through the attached references below. Studies have shown its efficacy in various applications, from wound healing and wrinkle reduction to improved skin elasticity, increased hair density, and more.
In conclusion, LED light therapy has become a versatile and popular option for addressing a wide range of skin concerns. Whether seeking anti-aging benefits, inflammation control, or addressing specific skin conditions, if you have any of these concerns, fret not, as we doctors in dream clinic, are ready to help.
References
Glass, G. E. (2021). Photobiomodulation: The clinical applications of low-level light therapy. Aesthetic Surgery Journal, 41(6), 723–738. https://doi.org/10.1093/asj/sjab025
Kim, W.-S., & Calderhead, R. G. (2011). Is light-emitting diode phototherapy (LED-LLLT) effective? LASER THERAPY, 20(3), 205–215. https://doi.org/10.5978/islsm.20.205
Needham, D. (2020). A GOOD LED LIGHT OR NOT, CE IS THE QUESTION?. AESTHETIC: LIGHT-EMITTING DIODES 101. https://consultingroom.com/
Nguyen, J. K., Weedon, J., Jakus, J., Heilman, E., Isseroff, R. R., Siegel, D. M., & Jagdeo, J. R. (2019). A dose-ranging, parallel group, split-face, single-blind phase II study of Light Emitting diode-red light (LED-RL) for Skin scarring prevention: Study protocol for a randomized controlled trial. Trials, 20(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s13063-019-3546-6
Wunsch, A., & Matuschka, K. (2014). A controlled trial to determine the efficacy of red and near-infrared light treatment in patient satisfaction, reduction of fine lines, wrinkles, skin roughness, and intradermal collagen density increase. Photomedicine and Laser Surgery, 32(2), 93–100. https://doi.org/10.1089/pho.2013.3616
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